What Symptoms Are Considered Premature Ejaculation

早泄（Premature Ejaculation, PE）是男性最常见的性健康问题之一，但许多人对其具体定义和症状并不清晰。了解早泄的典型症状，有助于进行准确的自我评估，并决定是否需要寻求进一步的帮助。本文将根据国际公认的医学标准，解释哪些行为表现可被定义为早泄。

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Premature Ejaculation (PE) is one of the most common male sexual health issues, yet many people are unclear about its specific definition and symptoms. Understanding the typical symptoms of PE can help in accurate self-assessment and deciding whether to seek further help. This article explains what behavioral manifestations are defined as premature ejaculation based on internationally recognized medical standards.

1. 国际医学界常用的定义标准 | Commonly Used Diagnostic Criteria in International Medicine

根据国际性医学学会（ISSM）的定义，早泄主要包含以下三个核心特征，且这些情况需持续或反复出现长达六个月以上：

According to the definition by the International Society for Sexual Medicine (ISSM), premature ejaculation primarily includes the following three core features, and these situations must persist or recur for more than six months:

从插入阴道到射精的时间过短（短射精潜伏期）: 绝大多数情况下，总是在插入阴道后一分钟内即发生射精（原发性早泄）；或者射精潜伏时间有显著缩短，通常不足三分钟（继发性早泄）。
- Short Ejaculation Latency Time (from vaginal penetration to ejaculation): In the vast majority of cases, ejaculation always occurs within one minute after vaginal penetration (lifelong/primary PE); or there is a significant shortening of the ejaculation latency time, usually less than three minutes (acquired/secondary PE).
无法延迟射精: 始终或几乎始终缺乏在足够长的时间内自主控制或延迟射精的能力。这是一种主观上的失控感。
- Inability to Delay Ejaculation: There is always, or almost always, an inability to voluntarily control or delay ejaculation for a sufficient length of time. This is a subjective feeling of loss of control.
因此产生负面情绪: 上述情况会给自己和/或伴侣带来显著的烦恼、困扰、挫折感，并避免亲密接触，从而导致关系紧张。
- Negative Personal Consequences: The above situation causes significant distress, bother, frustration, and/or avoidance of intimacy in the individual and/or their partner, leading to relationship tension.

2. 早泄的两种主要类型 | Two Main Types of Premature Ejaculation

了解类型有助于更准确地理解症状。

Understanding the types can help in more accurately comprehending the symptoms.

原发性早泄（终身性早泄）Lifelong (Primary) PE: 指自从首次性经历开始，几乎在每一次性生活中，与每一位伴侣都发生早泄。其特征就是几乎总是在插入后1-2分钟内射精。
- Lifelong (Primary) PE: This refers to a situation where PE has occurred since the first sexual experience, in almost every sexual encounter, with every partner. It is characterized by almost always ejaculating within 1-2 minutes after penetration.
继发性早泄（获得性早泄）Acquired (Secondary) PE: 指男性过去曾拥有正常的射精控制能力，但后来才出现早泄问题。这种问题可能是突然出现，也可能是逐渐出现的。它通常与医疗状况（如前列腺炎、甲状腺功能亢进）、心理压力或伴侣关系问题等相关。
- Acquired (Secondary) PE: This refers to men who previously had normal ejaculatory control but later developed PE. This problem can arise suddenly or gradually. It is often associated with medical conditions (e.g., prostatitis, hyperthyroidism), psychological stress, or relationship issues.

3. 需要区分的一般情况 | Common Situations to Distinguish It From

并非所有射精过快的情况都是需要治疗的早泄。

Not all instances of rapid ejaculation constitute PE that requires treatment.

偶然性的射精过快 Occasional Rapid Ejaculation: 由于疲劳、压力、过量饮酒或与新伴侣初次性交时的紧张兴奋，偶尔出现射精过快的现象是非常正常的。这不能直接定义为早泄。
- Occasional Rapid Ejaculation: It is very normal to occasionally experience rapid ejaculation due to fatigue, stress, excessive alcohol consumption, or nervous excitement during the first sexual encounter with a new partner. This should not be directly defined as PE.
主观性早泄 Subjective PE: 有些男性主观上认为自己射精过快（例如，插入后5-10分钟），但实际射精潜伏时间在正常范围内，并且他们和伴侣并未因此感到显著困扰。这种情况更属于一种认知和焦虑问题，而非医学定义的早泄。
- Subjective PE: Some men subjectively believe they ejaculate too quickly (e.g., 5-10 minutes after penetration), but their actual ejaculation latency time is within the normal range, and neither they nor their partner are significantly distressed by it. This is more of a cognitive and anxiety issue rather than a medically defined PE.

4. 自我评估与行动建议 | Self-Assessment and Recommended Actions

如果您对自己的情况不确定，可以问自己以下几个问题：

If you are unsure about your situation, you can ask yourself the following questions:

时间: 我是否几乎总是在插入阴道后一分钟内射精？
- Time: Do I almost always ejaculate within one minute of vaginal penetration?
控制力: 我是否感觉完全无法自主控制或延迟射精？
- Control: Do I feel completely unable to voluntarily control or delay ejaculation?
情绪影响: 我是否因此感到沮丧、焦虑或自卑？我的伴侣是否感到失望？我是否因此开始避免性生活？
- Emotional Impact: Do I feel frustrated, anxious, or inferior because of this? Is my partner disappointed? Have I started avoiding sexual activity because of this?

如果以上问题的答案多为“是”，那么建议您采取行动：

If the answers to the above questions are mostly “yes,” then it is advisable to take action:

与伴侣沟通: 坦诚交流彼此的感受和期望，减轻心理压力。
- Communicate with your partner: Have an open discussion about each other’s feelings and expectations to reduce psychological pressure.
咨询专业人士: 这是最重要的一步。可以去看全科医生（GP） 或泌尿科医生（Urologist）。医生会进行专业评估，询问病史，并可能进行体检以排除其他潜在疾病（如前列腺问题、激素水平异常等），从而为您提供最合适的治疗方案（如行为疗法、药物治疗等）。
- Consult a professional: This is the most important step. You can see a General Practitioner (GP) or a Urologist. The doctor will conduct a professional assessment, ask about your medical history, and may perform a physical examination to rule out other potential conditions (e.g., prostate issues, hormonal abnormalities), thereby providing you with the most suitable treatment plan (e.g., behavioral therapy, medication).

总结 | Conclusion

早泄并非一个模糊的概念，而是有明确的医学定义。其核心症状包括：极短的射精时间、缺乏控制感、以及由此产生的负面心理影响。重要的是要区分“偶尔表现不佳”和“真正的早泄”。

Premature ejaculation is not a vague concept but has a clear medical definition. Its core symptoms include: very short ejaculation time, a lack of control, and the resulting negative psychological impact. It is important to distinguish between “occasional underperformance” and “true premature ejaculation.”

如果您的情况符合上述标准并给您带来了困扰，请记住，这是一个常见且可有效治疗的问题。主动寻求专业帮助是解决问题、重获自信和和谐性生活的关键第一步。

If your situation meets the above criteria and causes you distress, please remember that this is a common and effectively treatable issue. Proactively seeking professional help is the key first step towards solving the problem and regaining confidence and a harmonious sex life.